AI and argument

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Re: AI and argument

Prof David West
e.g. R. Daneel Olivaw, possessor of the finest Positronic Brain,
inventor of the Zeroth Law of Robotics, and Protector of Humanity until
he resigned his post as advisor to Cleon I, Galactic Emperor?

dw

On Wed, Oct 4, 2017, at 08:54 AM, ┣glen┫ wrote:

>
> It depends on how you define "computer".  If it's a CPU-in-a-vat, like a
> brain in a vat, then I disagree.  That kind of computer is impoverished
> compared to a human.  But if it's an android or somesuch, then I agree.
>
> On 10/04/2017 07:47 AM, Prof David West wrote:
> > A necessary presupposition — if any of these program are to come to fruition — is: what a human exhibits is nothing more than what a computer CAN exhibit; i.e., that a human can be nothing more than a machine.
> >
> > I am curious if any of the participants in this discussion are willing to accept the presupposition? Especially if Nick, whose monist "behavior," strong agreement with Pierce's three forms of logic. and equally strong denial of "mind" might be so inclined?
>
> --
> ␦glen?
>
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Re: AI and argument

gepr
Yes, very much so!  One of my favorite characters.

On 10/04/2017 07:58 AM, Prof David West wrote:
> e.g. R. Daneel Olivaw, possessor of the finest Positronic Brain,
> inventor of the Zeroth Law of Robotics, and Protector of Humanity until
> he resigned his post as advisor to Cleon I, Galactic Emperor?


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␦glen?

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Re: AI and argument

Nick Thompson
In reply to this post by Frank Wimberly-2

Frank, Glen, Dave, and all,

 

What, on your various accounts is the relationship between “logic”,  “right thinking”, “right reasoning”, and “truth”?  As I understand Peirce, a true opinion is one that is likely to endure indefinitely, unchallenged by any new experiences, “right reasoning and thinking” are methods of inference that lead (fallibly] to such true opinions, and logic is the distillation and formalization of such methods of inference.  Peirce was the premier logician of his time and the origin of much of our modern statistical method and scientific logic.  Am I wrong about his views on right thinking and truth?  Or do you guys hold different views?   Is this just some sort of semantic food fight that we can tidy up with a few quick definitions and move on?  Or are we really arguing about something, here?   Am not interested in the fine points of your thought, right now.  What is it that you all agree on that I don’t understand? 

 

Dave, it’s great to hear your voice!  Will I see you this Friday at FRIAM?  Did you report out on your Short Course? 

 

Nick  

 

Nicholas S. Thompson

Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Biology

Clark University

http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/

 

From: Friam [mailto:[hidden email]] On Behalf Of Frank Wimberly
Sent: Wednesday, October 04, 2017 6:48 AM
To: The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group <[hidden email]>
Subject: Re: [FRIAM] AI and argument

 

Don't be discouraged.  I think what I said is incorrect.  What I should have said is that in logic a false premise implies everything so for instance F -> F is true.  Which puzzles people.  Although it is used ironically as in "If Trump is a genius then I'll go fly a kite".

 

Frank

 

 

 

Frank Wimberly
Phone (505) 670-9918

 

On Oct 3, 2017 11:11 PM, "Nick Thompson" <[hidden email]> wrote:

Yes, well.  I guess with respect to what you write below, it is time for me to retire in disorder from the conversation, as I always seem to when logic is under discussion.  I do think that Peirce believed that, in the fullness of time, sound reasoning should lead more often than its alternative to expectations that are confirmed by experience.    And I also thought I had been taught that deductive reasoning can be valid, even when none of its premises is true.  But I seem to be putting these two ideas together wrong.

 

[sigh]  I hate when that happens.

 

Nick

 

Nicholas S. Thompson

Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Biology

Clark University

http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/

 

From: Friam [mailto:[hidden email]] On Behalf Of Frank Wimberly
Sent: Tuesday, October 03, 2017 9:07 PM
To: The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group <[hidden email]>
Subject: Re: [FRIAM] AI and argument

 

>But to the extent that we were talking about logic, is not logic the formalization of good thought?  

 

Not necessarily.  For instance:  "If A then B implies A" is logically valid but most people would feel that it's stupid thinking.  "Every statement implies a true statement" is true if you look at the truth table but this illustrates the difference between propositional calculus and natural language.  I suspect you mean sound reasoning by "good thought".

 

Is that responsive to your question?

 

Frank

 

 

Frank Wimberly
Phone <a href="tel:(505)%20670-9918" target="_blank">(505) 670-9918

 

On Oct 3, 2017 8:52 PM, "Nick Thompson" <[hidden email]> wrote:

Well, as a Peircean, I am certainly NOT allowed to believe that all valid logic is deductive, so Got Me There!

But to the extent that we were talking about logic, is not logic the formalization of good thought?  So, then, it behooves one who would claim that an argument is logic to formalize it. So, in which logical world (if not deductive logic) does the statement that Einstein is usually right lead directly, without an intervening premise, to the conclusion that I should provisionally believe him.  I think the argument IS deductive (in this case) and that the suppressed premise is that I should treat all people who are usually right provisionally as authorities.  (i.e., as people to be believed until contrary evidence teaches us otherwise. )

n

Nicholas S. Thompson
Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Biology
Clark University
http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/


-----Original Message-----
From: Friam [mailto:[hidden email]] On Behalf Of g??? ?
Sent: Tuesday, October 03, 2017 6:30 PM
To: FriAM <[hidden email]>
Subject: Re: [FRIAM] AI and argument

Hm.  My example is simply an argument that I do NOT think succumbs to that fallacy.  Einstein is a reliable, but not completely unchallengeable, authority.  And if he is challenged, we can dig into the theory to find our own reasoning.

I'm curious if you believe all argument/reasoning can be *accurately* formalized?  Worse yet, do you believe that all argument can be reduced to deduction?


On 10/03/2017 05:13 PM, Nick Thompson wrote:
> Aren't you missing a premise, if you are seeking a valid deductive argument?
>
> What connects Albert's thought with your conclusion?

--
gеɳ

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Re: AI and argument

gepr
There is an "out there" reality.  But the map between it and me (or a bee or a tree) is plectic, with all that entails including far-from-equilibrium, polyphenism, robustness, sensitivity to initial conditions, multi-scale, etc.  That implies that my understanding of what's out there can be stuck in only 1 of many attractors for a very long time, perhaps from birth to death.

Further, because other humans have similar physiology to me, some, many, or all other humans can find themselves stuck in a stable attractor for a very long time, perhaps over an infinite number of generations.

Hence, if Peirce's definition of truth is that which endures indefinitely, then I disagree fundamentally.  I, you, and all of us, can easily persist in complete delusion forever.  The question becomes whether that delusion is satisficing.  Do we care that our sense of truth could switch from one attractor to another at any moment?  Is it OK that our models of reality aren't general enough to be full (or complete) models?  My guess is that most of us don't care and are happy to assume their concept of truth is actually true.

In this conception, (if you've characterized him right) Peirce would merely be another pluralist, admitting there can be many truths and I would be a monist, insisting there is only 1 truth, but many ways to interact with it.


On 10/04/2017 08:51 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:
> What, on your various accounts is the relationship between “logic”,  “right thinking”, “right reasoning”, and “truth”?  As I understand Peirce, a true opinion is one that is likely to endure indefinitely, unchallenged by any new experiences, “right reasoning and thinking” are methods of inference that lead (fallibly] to such true opinions, and logic is the distillation and formalization of such methods of inference.  Peirce was the premier logician of his time and the origin of much of our modern statistical method and scientific logic.  Am I wrong about his views on right thinking and truth?  Or do you guys hold different views?   Is this just some sort of semantic food fight that we can tidy up with a few quick definitions and move on?  Or are we really arguing about something, here?   Am not interested in the fine points of your thought, right now.  What is it that */you all agree/* on that I don’t understand? 

--
☣ gⅼеɳ

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Re: AI and argument

Nick Thompson

Glen,

 

Well, unless you understand Peirce as a fallibilist, I have described him wrongly or you have misunderstood me.  To Peirce, there is only one kind of stuff ... experience.  He would not understand what on earth you meant by "out there", unless you were clear that you meant only that some experiences have a character of "out there ness" which you are obligated to define.  Peirce starts with his pragmatic understanding of meaning as the conequences of an conception to experience, and by experience he means scientific experience ... almost "experiments".  He  deploys this pragmatic understanding of meaning on the word truth and ends up with the truth as that stable opinion toward which we all strive.  But nothing in that definition of truth implies necessarily that the truth is ever known.  Hence Peirce’s fallibilism is at least as profound as your own.  Imagining that there is a truth of the matter has the [pragmatic] effect of forcing us all into a convergent discourse and this effect is for Peirce the central meaning of the word truth.  He has great contempt for styles and fashions of criticism precisely because there is no commitment to convergence in such discourses.  Screw pluralism.

 

I think you ARE a Peircean.

 

Nick

 

Nicholas S. Thompson

Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Biology

Clark University

http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/

 

-----Original Message-----
From: Friam [mailto:[hidden email]] On Behalf Of g??? ?
Sent: Wednesday, October 04, 2017 10:07 AM
To: FriAM <[hidden email]>
Subject: Re: [FRIAM] AI and argument

 

There is an "out there" reality.  But the map between it and me (or a bee or a tree) is plectic, with all that entails including far-from-equilibrium, polyphenism, robustness, sensitivity to initial conditions, multi-scale, etc.  That implies that my understanding of what's out there can be stuck in only 1 of many attractors for a very long time, perhaps from birth to death.

 

Further, because other humans have similar physiology to me, some, many, or all other humans can find themselves stuck in a stable attractor for a very long time, perhaps over an infinite number of generations.

 

Hence, if Peirce's definition of truth is that which endures indefinitely, then I disagree fundamentally.  I, you, and all of us, can easily persist in complete delusion forever.  The question becomes whether that delusion is satisficing.  Do we care that our sense of truth could switch from one attractor to another at any moment?  Is it OK that our models of reality aren't general enough to be full (or complete) models?  My guess is that most of us don't care and are happy to assume their concept of truth is actually true.

 

In this conception, (if you've characterized him right) Peirce would merely be another pluralist, admitting there can be many truths and I would be a monist, insisting there is only 1 truth, but many ways to interact with it.

 

 

On 10/04/2017 08:51 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:

> What, on your various accounts is the relationship between “logic”, 

> “right thinking”, “right reasoning”, and “truth”?  As I understand Peirce, a true opinion is one that is likely to endure indefinitely, unchallenged by any new experiences, “right reasoning and thinking” are methods of inference that lead (fallibly] to such true opinions, and logic is the distillation and formalization of such methods of inference.  Peirce was the premier logician of his time and the origin of much of our modern statistical method and scientific logic.  Am I wrong about his views on right thinking and truth?  Or do you guys hold different views?   Is this just some sort of semantic food fight that we can tidy up with a few quick definitions and move on?  Or are we really arguing about something, here?   Am not interested in the fine points of your thought, right now.  What is it that */you all agree/* on that I don’t understand?

 

--

gеɳ

 

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Re: AI and argument

gepr
I propose that any commonalities between experiences, are due to common physiology.  And that means that were I and a mouse to get together and define some scientific experiments we *both* could perform independently (say, jumping on a see-saw or pushing a kibble lever), then the mouse would have a fundamentally different experience than I would have.  If experience is somehow "truth", then there are 2 truths, mine and the mouse's.  That's pluralism.


On 10/04/2017 09:55 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:
> Well, unless you understand Peirce as a fallibilist, I have described him wrongly or you have misunderstood me.  To Peirce, there is only one kind of stuff ... experience.  He would not understand what on earth you meant by "out there", unless you were clear that you meant only that some experiences have a character of "out there ness" which you are obligated to define.  Peirce starts with his pragmatic understanding of meaning as the conequences of an conception to experience, and by experience he means scientific experience ... almost "experiments".  He  deploys this pragmatic understanding of meaning on the word truth and ends up with the truth as that stable opinion toward which we all strive.  */But nothing in that definition of truth implies necessarily that the truth is ever known.  Hence Peirce’s fallibilism is at least as profound as your own.  /*Imagining that there is a truth of the matter has the [pragmatic] effect of forcing us all into a convergent discourse and
> this effect is for Peirce the central meaning of the word truth.  He has great contempt for styles and fashions of criticism precisely because there is no commitment to convergence in such discourses.  Screw pluralism.
>
>  
>
> I think you ARE a Peircean.


--
☣ gⅼеɳ
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Re: AI and argument

Nick Thompson
Glen,

Peirce does not presume that there ARE any communalities.   He presumes only that if there ARE any communalities, they are what truth would be.  

Nicholas S. Thompson
Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Biology
Clark University
http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/


-----Original Message-----
From: Friam [mailto:[hidden email]] On Behalf Of g??? ?
Sent: Wednesday, October 04, 2017 11:10 AM
To: FriAM <[hidden email]>
Subject: Re: [FRIAM] AI and argument

I propose that any commonalities between experiences, are due to common physiology.  And that means that were I and a mouse to get together and define some scientific experiments we *both* could perform independently (say, jumping on a see-saw or pushing a kibble lever), then the mouse would have a fundamentally different experience than I would have.  If experience is somehow "truth", then there are 2 truths, mine and the mouse's.  That's pluralism.


On 10/04/2017 09:55 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:
> Well, unless you understand Peirce as a fallibilist, I have described
> him wrongly or you have misunderstood me.  To Peirce, there is only one kind of stuff ... experience.  He would not understand what on earth you meant by "out there", unless you were clear that you meant only that some experiences have a character of "out there ness" which you are obligated to define.  Peirce starts with his pragmatic understanding of meaning as the conequences of an conception to experience, and by experience he means scientific experience ... almost "experiments".  He  deploys this pragmatic understanding of meaning on the word truth and ends up with the truth as that stable opinion toward which we all strive.  */But nothing in that definition of truth implies necessarily that the truth is ever known.  Hence Peirce’s fallibilism is at least as profound as your own.  /*Imagining that there is a truth of the matter has the [pragmatic] effect of forcing us all into a convergent discourse and this effect is for Peirce the central meaning of the word truth.  He has great contempt for styles and fashions of criticism precisely because there is no commitment to convergence in such discourses.  Screw pluralism.
>
>  
>
> I think you ARE a Peircean.


--
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Re: AI and argument

gepr
How can there be "convergent discourse" if there are no commonalities?

On 10/04/2017 11:56 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:
> Peirce does not presume that there ARE any communalities.   He presumes only that if there ARE any communalities, they are what truth would be.  

> On 10/04/2017 09:55 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:
>> /*Imagining that there is a truth of the matter has the [pragmatic] effect of forcing us all into a convergent discourse and this effect is for Peirce the central meaning of the word truth.  He has great contempt for styles and fashions of criticism precisely because there is no commitment to convergence in such discourses.  Screw pluralism.


--
☣ gⅼеɳ

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Re: AI and argument

Nick Thompson
Turn that question around:  How can even have a discussion if we don't assume that there is a truth of the matter?  "Truth" is what makes it possible to have a discussion.  

N

Nicholas S. Thompson
Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Biology
Clark University
http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/


-----Original Message-----
From: Friam [mailto:[hidden email]] On Behalf Of g??? ?
Sent: Wednesday, October 04, 2017 1:03 PM
To: FriAM <[hidden email]>
Subject: Re: [FRIAM] AI and argument

How can there be "convergent discourse" if there are no commonalities?

On 10/04/2017 11:56 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:
> Peirce does not presume that there ARE any communalities.   He presumes only that if there ARE any communalities, they are what truth would be.  

> On 10/04/2017 09:55 AM, Nick Thompson wrote:
>> /*Imagining that there is a truth of the matter has the [pragmatic] effect of forcing us all into a convergent discourse and this effect is for Peirce the central meaning of the word truth.  He has great contempt for styles and fashions of criticism precisely because there is no commitment to convergence in such discourses.  Screw pluralism.


--
☣ gⅼеɳ

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Re: AI and argument

gepr
Sheesh.  I suppose we'll continue to trade "pithy" little sentences without saying anything of substance.

So!  You're now contradicting your earlier statement and suggesting that Peirce *does* assume there are commonalities?

On 10/04/2017 12:48 PM, Nick Thompson wrote:
> Turn that question around:  How can even have a discussion if we don't assume that there is a truth of the matter?  "Truth" is what makes it possible to have a discussion.
--
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